Occupational Therapy In Brazil Health And Social Care Essay

Occupational Therapy In Brazil Health And Social Cargon EssayBrazil is located in Latin America. It is the fifth most populated country according to the US Department of State (US Department of State, 2010). Brazil is home to an estimated 196 million race (US Department of State, 2010). As indicated by the Brazilian government, Brazil is a presidential democracy. The country is often referred to as The Federative Republic of Brazil (Brazilian Government, 2005). The Brazilian government developed a form _or_ system of government named Zero Hunger. The Zero Hunger policy is described in this viewZero Hunger is a public policy that aims at eradicating hunger and amicable exclusion. It is a policy because it expresses the Federal Governments decision to consider hunger a central national issue, rather than an individual fatality. It is public because apart from the State it involves companionship as a whole (Brazilian Government, 2005).Brazil has public and private options for health care. In reference to the Brazilian government the public healthcare is established for public treatment. An role model of this development is preventative and out long-suffering care with programs being carried out in rural areas sanitation, food safety and care for the elderly, women and children (Brazilian Government, 2005). Improvements for public and private healthcare are electrostatic growing (Brazilian Government, 2005). The country of Brazil has been influenced by Indian, European, and Afri house cultures. The influences of these nations have created norms for the Brazilian people. For example, music is a widesp say custom in Brazil that dates pricker to the seventeenth century (Brazilian Government, 2005). Brazil has six occupational therapy schools. To become an occupational therapist in Brazil, a student must complete four to five days of occupational therapy curriculum at the offering university. Depending on what university the student attends that will determine t he duration of their schooling (World Federation of Occupational Therapists, 2004).Based on the seek put for occupational therapy, Brazil appears to have a driving focus toward people with physical disabilities. Most of the research found pertained to physically disenable adults. However, there were few studies concerning pediatrics as well. For the most part, the focused research highlighted physical disabilities in the upper extremity. In addition, research was found that supported rehabilitation services, incorporates models for disabled adults returning to work, supports theories based on review, and functional advancements for somebodys who are disabled. In occupational therapy, we assist a population whose daily routine reveals disorganized doing and that faces difficulties in participating in the social and cultural world (Takatori Bemtempo, 2007, p. 48). This was quoted from a Brazilian take in for children, but it could be taken into consideration for all levels of o ccupational therapy. The following paragraphs hold research from Brazil used to educate the world of occupational therapy.Work-related hand injures Case analyses in a Brazilian rehabilitation service is the study conducted by Sampaio, Mancini, Sliva, Figueiredo, Vaz, and Alves, 2006, p. 803. This study promotes the idea that the results of this study provide evidence for functional gains in clients treated in a rehabilitation service and supply information nigh the relation between specific components and functional exercise (Sampaio et.al, 2006, p. 803). This study by Sampaio et al., 2006, was designed to depict the changes in patients who underwent therapy at hospitals in Brazil. The treatment began after the patient had a work related accident. The accident resulted in the patient having an upper extremity disability. The patient was ob dishd by an occupational therapist at devil different times. The first time was at the entrance of treatment, and the other(a) was at the re lease of their treatment. The authors included outside measurements in their study. The Canadian Occupational Performance beatnik (COPM) was used to assess participants self-perception of their occupational performance and satisfaction. COPM is a standardized functional assessment instrument in the format of a semi structured discourse based on proposed for client-centered practice (Sampaio et al., 2006, p. 805). After rehabilitation was completed the grip strength of the patients had improved. Also there was an increase of the COPM at the time of discharge (Sampaio et al., 2006, p.806). In addition, more research by Figueiredo, Sampaio, Mancini Nascimento et al. (2006) also agrees that receiving intervention especially occupational therapy will increase the COPM and the grip strength. After the study was completed the research shows that people who have rehabilitation therapy will see significant increase in grip strength values, with mean value at discharge showing to be twice the magnitude key outd at admission (Sampaio et al., 2006, p. 807). in Brazil, few rehabilitation services currently use client-centered functional evaluation tools in clinical practice, and most are not familiar with such instruments. However, client-centered approaches are becoming popular within rehabilitation facilities, especially in North America (Sampaio et al., 2006). This study in Brazil is true for moving rehabilitation research forward because it demonstrates how research from other countries can be implemented. This shows that having countries create research together can arouse a common goal. Also, the research illustrates how there are positive outcomes for this topic. Occupational therapists questioning the idea of rehabilitation services for hand therapy can read this study, and then formulate their own opinions based on the findings of Sampaio and other researchers.Another research titled named Disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) Factor analysis of the version adapted to Lusitanian/Brazil by Cheng, Sampaio, Mancini, Fonseca, and Cotta (2008) also has a focus on upper extremity disabilities. DASH has been used in a practical setting, and has been converted into other languages for the enrichment of shared research (Cheng et al., 2008). The purpose of this study was To analyse the psychometric properties (construct and discriminate validities) of the translated and validated version of DASH in the Portuguese language (Cheng et al., 2008, p. 1901). Since this is the first performance of the Brazilian DASHAnother aspect to be considered is that this is the first study to analyze the performance of the items in the Brazilian version of the instrument, which along with the scarcity of the studies that investigate performance of the instrument items, hinders comparisons (Cheng et al., 2008, p. 1908).Seeing how Brazil is now implementing the method of DASH shows that they are trying to expand their knowledge. Brazil is teaming up w ith other countries to utilize research. Since occupational therapists might be facilitating treatment to persons with upper extremity disabilities, constructing research for this problem in this country is important. Due to the fact that Brazil has strong manufacturing, agriculture, mining, and service orbit (Frumkin Camara, 1991, p. 1619), the need for DASH and occupational therapy could effectively help the disabled workers.One article describes the application of a model for analyzing industrial tasks that was developed to advert jobs that could potentially be filled by people with disabilities (DP) and to serve as a guideline for a company hiring policy (Simonelli Camarotto (2008), p. 150). Analysis of industrial tasks as a tool for the inclusion of people with disabilities in the work market is the name of the article (Simonelli Camarotto, 2008, p. 150). This model could be used in other countries where seen fit. In the countries where disabled people want to work, a mod el would be a good foundation to restart employment. A survey conducted in 1997 by the get together Nations Scientific and Cultural Organization found that 10% of the worlds population has some form of disability (Simonelli Camarotto, 2008, p. 151). Brazil has approximately 20 million people who are disabled according to the World Health Organization (WHO, 1996). However, only 2% of the DP have a routine job. Brazil contributed this research on the keister that in Brazil, Law No 8213/91 makes it obligatory to hire DP based on the quotas that are established according to the number of employees in a public and private company (Simonelli Camarotto, 2008, p. 150).The model consists of three stages analysis of the task, study of the activity and description of the jobs indicated for DP. Each job involves a set of tasks that can be subdivided into stages or subtasks (Simonelli Camarotto, 2008, p. 153). In the realm of occupational therapy this research will use a set of methods and techniques based on the ergonomic work analysis and on occupational therapy, we sought to build a model to indicate the skills required to perform industrial tasks (Simonelli Camarotto, 2008, p. 150). The model was applied at 19 workstations at a Brazilian aircraft manufacture in 2002 (Simonelli Camarotto, 2008, p. 150). Occupational therapy patients wanting to get back in the workforce could possibly perform this model (Simonelli Camarotto, 2008). The model would then serve as a guide in the companys policy for hiring DP (Simonelli Camarotto, 2008, p. 153). By Brazil conducting this research and developing this model, occupational therapists can try to get their patients back to work across the world. In addition, if the model shows independence for their particular patient they can show their evidence to the employer.Based on additional research found children are another focus of Brazilian exploration. For example, the article The implications of Winnicotts theory of play for the work of occupational therapys observation with children with physical disabilities demonstrates that play is an activity that reveals personal aspects of the person engaging in it and play experiences embody aspects of the subjects internal reality, according to D. W. Winnicotts theory (Takatori Bemtempo, 2007, p. 47). This study brings the idea of evaluating the disabled child in their home. There were three children that participated in the study. All three of the children had a physical disability. The goal of this study was to show how important it is to observe a child. This study demonstrates that if an occupational therapist can observe and see how a child plays, they can in turn make progress with the disabled child. One article conveyed that it is the concept of play that we use to take the person with disabilities, his/her activities and his/her social participation (Takatori Bemtempo, 2007, p.50). With this being said play observation can be put into practice in u nique therapy sessions.The focus of occupational therapy in Brazil appears to be on disabilities based on the research found. However, this does not mean it is the most popular, most important, or most well-known. Brazil is in the process of making their research more assessable to people of other countries (Barreto Barata, 2008). In additionBrazil is the only Portuguese-speaking country that has a network of scientific journals in public health/epidemiology. As to the languages papers published, these journals usually publish in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, although most of the papers are published in Portuguese (Barreto Barata, 2008).This is a mature step in the right direction for Brazil. Putting their research out there for other countries to use is not only good for occupational therapy, but for all other health care fields. Moving the body of research forward in Brazil will only enhance knowledge of their country and other countries.