The Benefits of British Rule

Brett Fields World History II Section 003 Professor Haug India was a British colony in the 18th century between 1858 and 1947, the Indian solders assisted the British to conquer India, and they were however mistreated at the hands of their colonizers and denied higher positions which they were qualified for. This was a strategy used by the colonizers to ensure that they maintain control and power over the natives. Moreover Indians were traded as slaves to other British colonies where they provided free labor which enhanced the growth of the Britain economy.In the process of exploiting India, the British improved the transport system through construction of roads and railways to ease the transportation of manufactured goods such as textiles and machines. The improved transport system eased the movement of goods and people and improved. People were able to access the market easily and it led to the spread of trade. The judicial system was improved through establishment of law courts wh ere disputes and cases could be settled amicably.In order to incorporate democracy, schools and universities were established, since the native only spoke in their mother tongue, they had to be taught English for easier communication. Christianity was also introduced by the missionaries, who also did some translation of the bible to the native Arabic languages. British rule in India had both benefits and detriments to the citizens. To start with the benefits experienced included:The Indians had a practice of burying their widows alongside their husband’s corpse.They could be tied to a pile to prevent them from running away, a practice termed; â€Å"concremation†, the British outlawed the practice and introduced a rule where the Hindu widows could be remarried. Schools and universities were introduced; this assisted the natives to obtain an education which would play a role of helping them increase their knowledge and hence led to better equipped individuals who were to improve their countries economy.The improved civilization helped reduce oppression caused by the rulers. There was freedom of speech, association which ensured justice prevailed among the natives. Democracy was introduced such that Indians had an opportunity to select their leaders. There was increase in exports with the improved transport system, goods such as tea, indigo were transported to other countries which ensured that they earned foreign exchange and lead to improved economy.The Indians were issued with loans from England. This money was used in constructing railways to ease transport and in irrigation of the plants Despite all these benefits the native Indians also faced some detriments on the other hand, these included: Indians were denied political positions; the British believed the admission of natives to high offices must be effected slowly. This was to protect their interests and power over the Indians such that they could not be overthrown.As Macaulay puts it; â₠¬Å"Propter vitam vivendi perdere causas,†[â€Å"To lose the reason for living, for the sake of staying alive†]. Many are the times when the British breached the promises and pledges made to the native on their inclusion to the governance of the county. New modes of taxations were devised, but the natives never had the means to raise the money to be paid as tax. This was an exploitative move by the Britons; it increased the inequitable financial relation between England and India.The British established a textileindustry in Britain and would buy wool at a cheaper price from India manufacture clothes and sell them to the Indians at an expensive price. This exploitation lead many Indians being unemployed. On the contrary the Britain economy improved greatly, on account of the materials from India. The British’ main role in India was to bring civilization to the people. They did this by establishing schools and universities where the locals improved their knowledge.W ith education came the need to do away with some of the traditions which were detrimental to the society well-being. Widows were not required to marry again after the demise of their husbands There was creation of social amenities such as health centers and hospitals which in general helped reduced the number of deaths greatly as the people could seek medical attention from the hospitals as opposed to other traditional methods which were less effective.The transport system was also improved by construction of roads and railway lines. This eased the movement of people from one place to another as they took part in trade. Certain industries were set up, which provided employment opportunities and increased the amount of goods available to be transported as exports. The missionaries visited India during this colonial period and introduced Christianity to the Indians. Since they had to learn how to read the bible, they went to school and got he necessary skills which would later be requ ired as some of them became clergymen. They also used the knowledge acquire in bible translation to help spread the gospel to the natives were not conversant with the English language. The British aimed to reduce the dependency of the natives; this was a selfish move as they only targeted the improvement of their economy. Most Indians knew only their vernacular language; as such it was hard for them to be educated by use of their mother-tongue.They were taught a foreign language; English which eased the communication especially in the schools, since the tutors were of British origin. Some translations of the books were made to the Sanscrit and Arabic dialect which were the common native languages. Indian writers Dadabhai Naoroji and Raja Rammohan Roy have given an opinion as to how they viewed the British rule in the 18th century. Both of them agree that through the British rule, India has developed, despite the developments observed, they also enumerate some weaknesses accustoming the colonization period.Dadabhai Naoroji appreciates what the British did for his country as he clearly states in his summary: â€Å"the British rule has been: morally, a great blessing; politically, peace and order on one hand, blunders on the other; materially, impoverishment, relieved as far as the railway and other loans go. â€Å" He appreciates the effort done to improve an otherwise dwindling economy. As Naoroji summarized the benefits; â€Å"A slowly growing desire of late to treat India equitably, and as a country held in trust. Good intentions. No nation on the face of the earth has ever had the opportunity of achieving such a glorious work as this.I hope in the credit side of the account I have done no injustice, and if I have omitted any item which anyone may think of importance, I shall have the greatest pleasure in inserting it. I appreciate, and so do my countrymen, what England has done for India, and I know that it is only in British hands that her regeneration c an be accomplished†, it can clearly be alluded that he was in full support and appreciation of what the Britons did to improve his country India. Raja Rammohan Roy studies extensively the practice of burning widows alive.He gives a defense on why women should not be considered as the inferior gender if they are not given an equal opportunity as their male counterparts as he outlines; â€Å"If, after instruction in knowledge and wisdom, a person cannot comprehend or retain what has been taught him, we may consider him as deficient; but as you keep women generally void of education and acquirements, you cannot, therefore, in justice pronounce on their inferiority. † Many accusations are thrown at women which Roy considers as injustice as he enumerates in his article, these accusations do not have any basis whatsoever as he advocates for them to be disregarded.Roy in regard to marriage arrangement had this objective: â€Å"with respect to their subjection to the passions, this may be judged of by the custom of marriage as to the respective sexes; for one man may marry two or three, sometimes even ten wives and upwards; while a woman, who marries but one husband, desires at his death to follow him, forsaking all worldly enjoyments, or to remain leading the austere life of an ascetic. † In their defense, Roy saw it not fair for a man to have many wives and fail to provide for her and her children.In such situations the woman would rely on her brothers and father for the children upkeep. Where a husband takes two or three wives to live with him, they are subjected to mental miseries and constant quarrels. The benefits outweigh by far the detriments brought about by the British rule. It has improved the Indian economy greatly in all sectors that is; politically, socially, economically. The Indian authors seem to support this fact as they seek ways in which they can reduce the negative effects. References Bose, Sudhindra. Some aspects of British ru le in India,. Iowa City: The University, 1916.Embree, Ainslie Thomas. Charles Grant and British rule in India. New York: Columbia University Press, 1962. Eraly, Abraham. India. New York, N. Y. : DK Pub. , 2008. Mahajan, Vidya Dhar, and Savitri Mahajan. British rule in India and after,. 6th ed. New Delhi: S. Chand, 1964. Martineau, Harriet. British rule in India; a historical sketch.. London: Smith, Elder and Co. ; [etc. ], 1857. Thompson, Edward John, and G. T. Garratt. Rise and fulfillment of British rule in India,. London: Macmillan and Co. , 1934. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Bose, Sudhindra.Some aspects of British rule in India,. Iowa City: The University, 1916. [ 2 ]. Martineau, Harriet. British rule in India; a historical sketch.. London: Smith, Elder and Co. ; [etc. ], 1857. Bose, Sudhindra. Some aspects of British rule in India,. Iowa City: The University, 1916. [ 3 ]. Martinea u, Harriet. British rule in India; a historical sketch.. London: Smith, Elder and Co. ; [etc. ], 1857. [ 4 ]. Martineau, Harriet. British rule in India; a historical sketch.. London: Smith, Elder and Co. ; [etc. ], 1857. [ 5 ]. Martineau, Harriet. British rule in India; a historical sketch..London: Smith, Elder and Co. ; [etc. ], 1857. [ 6 ]. Mahajan, Vidya Dhar, and Savitri Mahajan. British rule in India and after,. 6th ed. New Delhi: S. Chand, 1964. [ 7 ]. Mahajan, Vidya Dhar, and Savitri Mahajan. British rule in India and after,. 6th ed. New Delhi: S. Chand, 1964. [ 8 ]. Mahajan, Vidya Dhar, and Savitri Mahajan. British rule in India and after,. 6th ed. New Delhi: S. Chand, 1964. [ 9 ]. Thompson, Edward John, and G. T. Garratt. Rise and fulfillment of British rule in India,. London: Macmillan and Co. , 1934. [ 10 ]. Thompson, Edward John, and G. T. Garratt.Rise and fulfillment of British rule in India,. London: Macmillan and Co. , 1934. [ 11 ]. Eraly, Abraham. India. New York, N. Y. : DK Pub. , 2008. [ 12 ]. Thompson, Edward John, and G. T. Garratt. Rise and fulfillment of British rule in India,. London: Macmillan and Co. , 1934. [ 13 ]. Embree, Ainslie Thomas. Charles Grant and British rule in India. New York: Columbia University Press, 1962. [ 14 ]. Thompson, Edward John, and G. T. Garratt. Rise and fulfillment of British rule in India,. London: Macmillan and Co. , 1934. [ 15 ]. Eraly, Abraham. India. New York, N. Y. : DK Pub. , 2008.

Global Core and Periphery Essay

LO: to discuss the spatial pattern of global interactions through the mapping of core areas at the focus of interaction (network hubs/nodes), the peripheries and areas relatively unaffected by these interactions. Global economy – basic features * Single world market – producers to exchange rather than use. Price is determined on a global scale * 3 geographical tiers – core / semi-periphery / periphery * Temporal trends – growth then stagnation. Hegemony (indirect dominance of one country UK > USA > Japan > China?) * Integration or rejection – reaction of societies e.g. Islamic fundamentalism * States (political state, way its ruled) – states function to protect their interests, their companies and peoples interests from global economy * Alternative adaptations – how do nation states adapt to the global economy? Export led protectionism, isolationism etc. Core -North America, Western Europe and East Asia * High income countries * Main trade flows between these 3 areas * Countries in core have diversified economies, with high output, high purchasing power and large domestic markets * Outside this core, the global periphery is a location of cheap raw materials or cheap manufacturing or a market for the core to ‘dump’ their surplus products Semi Periphery * High and middle income countries * First waves of Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs) – South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore * Second wave of NICs or Recently Industrialised Countries (RICs) – e.g. Malaysia, Mexico, South Africa * BRICs (the four biggies) – Brazil, Russia, India, China * Resource exporting countries, RICs and NICs, former socialist countries, poorer European countries. * Some of these countries could now be seen as part of the CORE (South Korea) others are characterised by regional disparities and social polarisation (Brazil) others with very rapid economic growth (Slovakia, China) Periphery (excluded) * Lower middle income countries and low income countries * Mainly Africa * Small domestic markets, lack of infrastructure, population increase, low economic output, low levels of economic diversification, high agricultural population Global economy is dynamic For example, the spatial decentralisation (diffusion) of many economic activities. Until recently this was seen as the diffusion of manufacturing away from the Core to Semi Peripheral areas. Now we can observe diffusion in services and an increasing decentralisation of coordination and control operations.

Analysis of Leadership and Motivation Research Paper

Analysis of Leadership and Motivation - Research Paper Example Also, I will plan my leadership strategy based on the findings of the evaluation and corresponding motivational methods. Evaluation of Personality Traits In order to evaluate the personality traits of 4 members in my team, first I will identify the personality types they belong to. As there is no one solution fits all personality types, I will be using the following 3 different personality type classifications understand their personality. Also sometimes, employees can show mixed personalities and hence the one that best suits will be used in making decisions. 1. Rye’s four personality types, namely, Power Player, Party Player, Team Players and Diplomatic Players (Rye, 1998). 2. Personality types based on social dimensions, namely, Drivers, Analytical, Amiable and Expressive (Orridge, 2009). 3. Holland’s six personality types: Realistic, Conventional, Enterprising, Social, Artistic and Investigative (Woods & West, 2010). Following is the evaluation of the four members i n my team: Ambrose H: Ambrose shows traits that are close to the personality types of Driver-Analytical and Realistic. Drivers are task-oriented, workaholics and results oriented. They place a very high priority on completing the task in hand. They are very efficient and good team players. Analytical on the other hand is very structured and organized with the focus being on task and details. They are very punctual and they are not comfortable approaching people. They do everything by the book (Fairley, 2011). Ambrose is also realistic as his personality characteristics match those of a realistic. Personality characteristics of a realistic are practical, uninvolved, stable, materialistic, genuine and shy (Kleynhans et al., 2009). Jackie M: Jackie is in complete contrast to Ambrose. Jackie’s personality types match closely to those of an expressive, team player and a social. Jackie is friendly, understanding, idealistic, sociable and kind. These personality characteristics make him a social. His characteristics are also closely related to that of an expressive. Expressive is overly enthusiastic and outgoing. They always try to create involvement and excitement in others and volunteer themselves to all activities (Bolton & Bolton, 2009). They are fun-loving, talkative and excitable. They are socializing but aren’t completion oriented. In a hurry to finish their jobs, they tend to make mistakes. Jackie is also a team player. Whenever there is extra work team players are always the first to volunteer. They tend to make others happy and are open to suggestions. They do not mind being told that they are wrong. Simon H: Simon is very different from both Jackie and Ambrose. Being the most experienced member of the team, he is very knowledgeable but does not share the same enthusiastic level as Jackie or the desire to perfection as Ambrose. The personality type of Simon matches that of a conventional, diplomatic and analytical. As all analytical Simon is v ery knowledgeable and task-oriented but he is not organized or structured (Huczynski, 2004). Most of Simon’s characteristics are in close match with a conventional. Following are the common personality characteristics of a convention that Simon shares: practical, inflexible, efficient and prudish. Simon is also a diplomat. Diplomats are quiet, independent individuals.  Ã‚  

Research Paper on the Beatles Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

On the Beatles - Research Paper Example In November of 1960, they met the rock and roller Tony Sheridan, and they became friends. The next year, they met again and this time they performed a song together, â€Å"My Bonnie†, which was really, their coming-out song, so to speak, because performing this song brought them to the attention of Brian Epstein. He was a music entrepreneur and he became their manager. Epstein worked on getting them a record deal and label, but they got rejected by almost every British record company (Spitz, 15-20). One day, Epstein persuaded George Martin to listen to a recording the Beatles had done, and after convincing him that they would one day become very famous, he signed them on with Parlophone. They released their first eight albums with Parlophone. In August of 1962, Pete Best left the Beatles and he was replaced by Ringo Starr as the drummer. He also contributed as a vocalist on a number of successful songs. In January 11, 1963, The Beatles released â€Å"My Bonnie† which wa s an instant hit, and Beatlemania began in England (The Beatles, 23-35). After this, there was almost a non-stop series of concerts and tours for about a year. This was the year for the Beatles. Everybody was talking about them, they were everywhere. They got intense media interest. They had TV shows, press interviews, and a weekly radio show. They appeared on ABC’s TV show â€Å"Thank Your Lucky Stars†, they were on BBC’s Here We Go, and many others. They were literally on the show every day. That year, they had four nationwide tours; they would finish one show and leave immediately for another, or even do two shows in one day. Two of the four tours were led by American Stars, but at almost every show during them, the crowd was wild for the Beatles, which made the Beatles to be embarrassed for the American singers (The Beatles, 37-39). The Beatles hit the United States the next year, early 1964. However, weeks before their arrival, the fateful assassination of President John F. Kennedy took place, and the nation was in grief. This was a critical time in American history, and it affected many Americans, many of whom were the youth. The Beatles wanted to be able to reach out to them through their music. In the span of the next few days they flew over Miami, where they spent time with Ed Sullivan again and got to catch up with him. On the 22nd of February, they left America victorious and arrived at Heathrow Airport, where again they were met by thousands of fans. The same year, the Beatles went back again to America for yet another tour, this time much longer. They performed thirty concerts in twenty three cities, attracting thousands of fans, making millions of dollars, and paving the way for other British groups to wow America (Davies, 15-19). The next year, 1965, Beatlemania still continued on and after having attending a premiere of their film, â€Å"Help†, they went back to America to Shea Stadium where they had their biggest co ncert, attended by fifty five thousand fans. After that successful concert, they met with Elvis Presley and after, flew back to the UK (Miles, 24-25). The next year was one that proved to be rough for the Beatles. Lead singer John Lennon was interviewed where he said â€Å"We are bigger than Jesus. Christianity will vanish and shrink; I don’t know what will go first, rock and roll or Christianity.† The British people didn’t say much of it, but the Americans were shocked. It ignited a lot of anger and hostility and the Beatles were

Gestures and Facial Expressions Experiment Essay

Gestures and Facial Expressions Experiment - Essay Example This paper will study the basis of gestures and facial expressions. Since these gestures and facial expressions have so much to do with a person’s individuality, I wanted to know how it could affect me in different ways. The same happened when I stopped making use of these gestures and facial expressions for a week. I realized that my best friend was unable to understand the change in my attitude. Even though he was listening to what I said but he asked for my confirmation on quite a few issues time and time again. He wanted to know if there was something wrong with me or that if a circumstance has altered my perspectives a little bit. I was not anywhere close to telling him the exact reason. The gestures and facial expressions had become strangers for me for an entire week, and I started to see life from a completely different tangent. It brought about a positive as well as a negative impact on my personality. The point of optimism was that I was willing to forego serious aspects which could trigger positive or negative emotions within me. T hus I was aloof of the world around me. The negativities that came about included the fact that my words were not being taken seriously by the people around me because these gestures and facial expressions were not in line with what I was saying. I believe that the impact of gestures and facial expressions is such that it can make or break a conversation and the same must have happened to me a lot of times but it only came about as a revelation to me during the last few days that I remained quiet and stopped making use of the gestures and facial expressions. It was indeed a very different experience for me to start living my life without getting happy or sad. Most important aspect was that I had to show a straight face at all times. I tried my best to be like this for the entire week and my perseverance paid rich dividends as I kept a low profile during this

Biomimicry Architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Biomimicry Architecture - Essay Example From the essay it is clear that the increased demand for energy efficient buildings materials has necessitated need to turn to nature for solutions. It is undeniable architects, designers, and engineers are developing biomimicry architecture walls or skins through the same mechanism as the skins of various natural creatures and features to maintain and reduce energy wastage.   Nature provides the best source of ideas in architecture by enabling architects to develop skins that are ecologically friendly due to their unlimited advantages. Nature has many forms that can be referred to by architects to develop structures that are unique and efficient. Moreover, nature provides a solution to the energy problem that has been a major challenge in the construction industry for a long time. It has provided ideas on how the buildings can reduce energy usage and some of the importance of mimicking nature in reducing energy use in the following ways.According to the report findings the imitati on of natural structures provides an opportunity for the use of low energy sources, thus facilitating use of renewable sources. Most of the nature mimicking buildings are powered by solar energy, which is a renewable and eco-friendly source of energy to reduce the consumption of the electricity.  A good example of such a building is the All Season Tent Tower that has been constructed to imitate a volcano.

Metallgesellschaft Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Metallgesellschaft - Case Study Example MGRM's Supervisory Board avoided bankruptcy by liquidating its forward delivery positions in December 1993. MGRM had begun to experience significant growth since 1989 when it acquired 49% stake in Caste Energy as part of its efforts to become a fully integrated oil business in the United States. As MGRM continued to make a series of costly expansions, its fixed-assets values tripled between 1989 and 1991. In a continuing effort to expand its US business, MGRM entered in to forward delivery contracts with Energy end-users at historic low prices during the summer of 1993. However, these contracts exposed MGRM to the risk of rising energy prices. To hedge this price risk, MGRM acquired energy futures at NYMEX and entered into OTC swaps with large OTC swap dealers. However, since future markets do not trade in very long term (10 years in this case), MGRM's strategy was to concentrate its derivatives positions in stacks or short-dated futures. Similarly the swaps had to be rolled forward continuously. MGRM's strategy exposed it to various risks. Its short-dated positions left it exposed to rollover risk. If the prices had risen, MGRM would have made substantial profits. And the opposite was true in case of the prices falling. However historically, energy prices have always shown an upward trend. Over a period of ten years prior to 1993, the energy market had been predominantly in backwardation. MGRM was betting on Energy prices continuing to rise. However, as shown by Edwards and Canter, its rollover risk was only about 15% of its price risk. Had the market been in backwardation, MGRM would have made handsome profits. But in 1993, crude oil was in contango every month, heating oil was in contango every month except March and April and gasoline was in contango every month except August. As a result, MGRM made substantial rollover losses during 1993. MGRM was also exposed to funding risk since its strategy was that of one-to-one hedge instead of a "minimum variance" hedge. This strategy would have worked had there been a one-to-one relationship between forward and spot energy prices. In that case, a fall in the spot prices would have been balanced by an equal and opposite change in the value of its forward delivery contracts. However, as shown by Edwards and Canter, a one-to-one relationship between spot and forward prices does not exist in the energy market. MGRM was also exposed to credit risk due to the long duration of its forward-supply contracts. And once the prices started to fall, this risk further increased as with the increased disparity in spot and contractually fixed price, the risk of the smaller firms defaulting also increased. Finally, MGRM was also exposed to basis risk due to the one-to-one hedge ratio. The timing of the investment in derivatives also went against MGRM. As stated above, 1993 proved to be disastrous year with energy market in contango for most part of the year. The huge size of MGRM's rollover trade was also responsible for increasing these risks. MGRM's huge holdings, equivalent to 160 million barrels, meant that other firms would have looked at MGRM before taking any steps. The size of MGRM's rollover trade could have also been indirectly responsible for pushing down energy prices. Hedging or Speculating There is some debate over whether MGRM's strategy was hedging or speculation. Culp and

Composite Cycle Frame Manufacturing Methods Project Assignment - 1

Composite Cycle Frame Manufacturing Methods Project - Assignment Example It also seeks to look at the various effective ways which hospitals and related institutions can store such records. It is important that they keep health records using reliable methods so that they ensure reliability of the data and easy retrieval of the same. Health informatics deals with ways of storing, retrieving and using information related to health and biomedicine. It has tools that are used in achieving storage and use of the data like computers, information systems and medical terms among others. Health informatics is also known as Health information systems. Areas of application include nursing and in public health. There are international standards that have been set regarding health informatics to ensure a standardized way of medical informatics (Joslin & Kahn 2005). Using computers and technology has been the best way to store data of patients in medicine all over the world. Electronic health records is the most reliable and accurate way of storing data because computers are more accurate than humans. Health institutions do not longer store records of patients manually like before the emergence of technology (Whetton, 2005). A good example of such online application programs is the ICD9-CM. they are codes used to store information of Diabetic patients in health institutions. The United States department for health is encouraging health institutions to migrate to the use of electronic means to store data. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is an effective way of tracking many types of diseases in the world. Knowledge of this coding method is very important for health professionals because it helps in maintaining proper health records in hospitals. It is a code that contains a set of volumes with some instructions. It contains volume one to volume three which gives the procedures. Volume one

Art History Final Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Art History Final Paper - Essay Example There are motif of sculptures designed on the railings and the gates of the Stupa. There are representations of the lord Buddha through footprints, thrones and wheels. There is a command in the grand view of the Buddhist monument. There is a depiction of the beginning, development and decay of Buddhist architecture in the third century1. The Buddhist monarchy event was signified by the stupid in sachem. The emperor of Osaka had a religious establishment in Sanchi during his marriage as he built the monolithic pillar. This depicted the zeal of Buddhism in the emperor. The quietude provided a conducive atmosphere for meditation marking the prosperity of the establishment of Buddhism. Sanchi ensured a fulfillment of the conditions fit for the establishment of the Buddhist life. The Stupa was regarded as a symbol of the characteristics of Buddhism and fostered the prevalence of Buddhism in the region of Sanchi. The Stupas was associated with Buddhist in the region as it marked representations of the key factors the religion. A Stupa refers to a physical monument for memory of enlightment in the present space and champions for the enlightment in ten directions. The process includes skillful procedures there is a complete transformation of the environment through the compassionate energy through the interaction with different elements on the earth surface. The Stupas recognizes the enlightened nature in the present life. Stupas represent the Buddha in three forms including the speech, body and mind. The path of enlightment is represented by every part of the Stupa. Enlightment is the ultimate goal of life as represented by Stupas. A Stupa in the context of Buddhist is a physical representation of high regards by the Buddhists during the seventh century. What and where is the silk road? There are three main periods when the Silk Road was most active. What were these? Go the Met and see the Global

Fundamental Attribution Error Essay Example for Free

Fundamental Attribution Error Essay The human nature is an interesting subject to study, each individual has their own way of seeing things in their own perspective or ways of persuading others, in order to make sense of their own life’s. Fundamental attribution error being one important concept, this explains a persons behavior, how a person can underestimate circumstances yet overestimate ones characteristics. For example if a man didn’t hold the door for woman when walking into a store, the woman behind him might conclude that man doesn’t have manners or is uncivil. That woman interrupted the situation in her perspective without considering situational factors, such as, he might have been running late or he didn’t notice another person behind him. People will judge primarily on their experience with that individual without considering other factors or placing their selves in their situation. An important researcher known as Milgram, he challenged the demands of authority on obedience, and how far are people willing to conform to orders. Milgram analyses social compliance and obedience toward superior in his experiment. In the study there is a learner, teacher and administrator, each of whom play an important role in the experiment. The teacher is the one giving the questions to the learner and if the learner gets the answer wrong the teacher is obligated to shock the learner. The administrator has the authority to tell the teacher to increase the level on the shock generator. When the learner continues get an answer incorrect the shocks get stronger from 15 to 450 volts and so the learner refuses to continue because he cannot endure anymore pain. The teacher complies with the commands given by administrator to keep going even if the learner is hurt. Milgram experiment was successful and demonstrates how people obey to represent cooperativeness or by fear even if it goes against better judgment. The concept of fundamental attribution error and Milgram’s research on obedience takes an important role in David’s response to his history teacher’s question to why so many German people complied with Hitler’s order to systematically slaughter millions of innocent Jews. David’s response being, â€Å"because German’s were unusually cruel, sadistic people with abnormal and twisted personalities. † The fundamental attribution error in David’s response is when he penalized every single person in the German population for being all cruel, sadistic, abnormal and twisted personalities. He used Germans behavior as a significant factor as their external disposition to judge all Germans for their actions. Also in David’s response, the German population was responsible for the harm to the Jewish community, although Hitler was the prime leader and influenced the outbreak of the Nazi Party. Hitler’s leadership illustrates a great example of Milgram’s research, of abuse of power and obedience in German society. Milgram reveals how people, in this situation German citizens obeyed to higher authority either because of fear or collaboration. David was not able to see the underlining causation of Germany’s injustice, although this is common act, people are usually compelled to unrightfully circumstances and overestimating people.

System Development Lifecycle

System Development Lifecycle 1.1. Introduction According to Allerano and Taverz (2012), the system development lifecycle has dominated the information technology (IT) arena for numerous decades and remains one of the most commonly used methods in software development and acquisition. It is observed that, though the system development lifecycle has evolved over the years and has gone through a multitude of paradigm shifts with respect to building of software, at its core the process is resilient and its central tenets are applicable in business, industry and research (McMurtrey, 2013). Piccoli (2012), in his research, reflects on the SDLC system as being a dominant system development methodology in the 21st century, along with the method of prototyping. Langer and Langer (2008) define the system development lifecycle as one which promotes the planning, analysis, implementation and maintenance of information systems and which thereby serves as the foundation of the different activities associated with every phase of the SDLC. Accor ding to Hoffer et al. (2011), the process of systems development lifecycle can be broadly categorised into planning, analysis, design, development and testing so as to meet the stages of the various iterations and models of SDLC development. This report will focus on the importance of SDLC in different stages of system implementation and describe three methods of SDLC development. 1.2. Importance of SDCL in System Implementation According to Piccoli (2012), the SDLC is a guide to the project as it provides the flexible and consistent medium required to accommodate specific changes through the information system development and helps meet the objectives of the client. This section will examine the importance of SDLC in the investigation of a specific system through the different phases (Figure 1). This report argues that to date most system analysis and design books identify the need to promote SDLC from these five stages so as to help in the comparison of different models (Kendall and Kendall, 2011). Hoffer et al. (2011), however, criticise the system and argue that the systems analysis and design taking place in a cycle sometimes is pervasive and makes it difficult to develop and model a specific system. This research, however, will focus on the positives of the SDLC by identifying with its role in terms of its objectives to meet organisational requirements and its objectives during different stages of systems development. 1.2.1 SDLC Objectives According to Kendall and Kendall (2011), the use of the SDLC framework as part of systems development helps in ensuring the quality of systems. The authors contend that the SDLC should aim at promoting return on investment by enabling cost savings, product flexibility, improved decision support or promotion of strategic and operational planning. Leau et al. (2012) reiterate this view by indicating that through all the stages of the lifecycle development, SDLC helps relate a high degree of intrinsic quality. According to Khan et al. (2013), the importance of SDLC implementation for information system adoption is to provide a certain degree of management control. The author indicates that the use of the SDLC process should ensure that there is sufficient degree of information in terms of predictability (i.e. planning estimates for different stages of the project, the associated resources needed and the various stakeholders involved). It is also contended that the SDLC should promote management control by ensuring time for feedback from the management and the stakeholders. Leau et al. (2012) identify that the role of SDLC is to help in the maximisation of product performance by ensuring that the productivity of the project is promoted by meeting the ROI expectations. Hoffer et al. (2011) further indicate that the SDLC plays a primary role in delineating between the tasks and deliverables of a given project, thereby ensuring that resources are used in the most effective and efficient way possible. 1.2.2. Role of SDLC in Different Stages of the Project According to Hoffer et al. (2011), the use of SDLC in the planning phase is for three primary reasons: identification and selection of the system for development, assessment of project feasibility, and the development of project plan. Kendall and Kendall (2011) contend that in the planning stage the SDCL system is useful in focusing on the most ideal system which can help support the goals of the organisation. Boehm et al. (2000) further reiterate that the identification and selection of a system can be carried out by using specific strategic tools like value chain analysis (which helps identify the extent to which a new system is important to an organisation) and cost benefit analysis (the process by which the benefits and costs are compared). Nurmuliani et al. (2004) argue that the planning stage of the SDLC also helps identify the feasibility of a proposed system adoption and whether the same can be promoted from a financial, technical and organisational perspective. Therefore it is contended that the use of the SDLC is important in the development of the final project plan, wherein the activities of the system development are identified to ensure that the systems development is on time. During the analysis stage of systems development, the SDLC plays a vital role in the gathering and building of business requirements. The SDLC helps define the requirements of a system by identifying the needs of the project during the communication, documentation, management and change processes. Hoffer et al. (2011) contend that the development of a system using the SDLC process also helps in process modelling, wherein the entire system process and the flow of data within the system can be identified. The use of process models and data flow diagrams is to present a visual presentation of the system that is to be integrated with the organisational environment. The SDLC design stage involves the designing of the desired features into the system, wherein the design of the IT infrastructure and the systems model is important. According to Kendall and Kendall (2011), during the design of the IT infrastructure stage the identification of the type of networks, the type of clients and servers are identified, along with the type of database which is to be adopted. The authors further argue that the SDLC design stage helps in the designing of the system models, wherein the graphical user interface (GUI) and data models are used to help present a representation of the system model. In the systems development phase, the development of the IT infrastructure as per the design stage, along with the type of databases and programmes, is carried out. The final stage is the testing phase, where the errors, bugs and interoperability of the product are tested to ensure that the business requirements of the analysis are met. According to Devi (2012), the SDLC helps in the testing of project needs, project requirements and project transition based on the identification of defects and bugs in the project. 1.3. Different Models of Systems Development 1.3.1. Waterfall Model of Systems Development According to Munassar and Govardhan (2010), the first model of SDLC is the waterfall model, which is static in nature and approaches the process of system development in a linear manner, wherein one activity is to be completed before the next activity begins, thereby promoting a sequential approach. Fowler (2004) argues that the adoption of the waterfall style helps breaks up the project activities into requirements analysis (planning and analysis), design, coding (development) and testing. Pfleeger and Atlee (2006), on the other hand, identify the waterfall model as one which needs more detailed steps to present the phases of requirements analysis, systems design, program design, coding, unit and integration testing, systems testing and maintenance during operation. The author expands on the original waterfall approach, as he feels that there is a need to focus on the functioning of the systems after testing and the need to expand on the testing process. Fowler (2004) further conten d that the waterfall model is most effective for systems implementation, as specific goals for different phases of development are promoted. In this approach, once a single phase is completely developed, it proceeds into the next phase. This supports a structured and process centered approach, wherein every stage is clarified with respect to the objectives of the design (Figure 2). Fowler (2004) argues that though there is a period of handoff between phases and associated backflows, it is important to ensure that this is avoided. Researchers, however, contend that this is a primary drawback of the waterfall model, as there is an inherent inability to revisit a previous stage if there are any errors. For instance Adenowo and Adenowo (2012) contend that if there is an error detected during the implementation (coding) phase, there is limited opportunity to revisit the requirements analysis or the design phase to correct the error. On the other hand, Pfleeger and Atlee (2006), contend that the waterfall approach is promoted in structured systems development, wherein the alteration of the software after coding is prohibited. Over the years there have been improvements made to the waterfall model. McConnell (2010) identifies these models to be modified waterfalls, wherein phases of the project are allowed to overlap, where every phase is found to influence and is influenced by the next and previous phases of the model. The authors contend that the overlap of phases helps address the inherent limitations of lack of flexibility of the waterfall model. 1.3.2. Spiral Model According to Boehm and Hansen (2000), the spiral model of software development is one which places emphasis on risk analysis. The development of any system goes through the four phases of planning, risk analysis, engineering and evaluation. Boehm (1988) argues that the adoption of this model involves the system going through the phases in iterations. The baseline spiral is found to start with the planning phase, wherein the requirements of the system are gathered. The subsequent spiral is built on the baseline spiral, wherein the risks are identified, assessed and methods for risk mitigation are developed. At the end of the risk planning phase, a prototype is generated. The third spiral is the engineering spiral, which enables the development of the system, which is then evaluated by testing in the final phase. In this approach, the angular component represents the progress, while the radius of the spiral represents the cost of the model. 1.3.3. Agile Development According to Cohen et al. (2003), the adoption of an agile process of software development is based on promoting incremental and iterative development, wherein the phases of the development lifecycle are revisited a number of times. Dingsoyor et al. (2012) argue that the adoption of this approach involves the improvement of the software while using customer feedback to ensure that a convergence on the proposed solutions is arrived at. Nerur et al. (2010) identify that in the agile development model, when compared to other traditional models, the process of lifecycle development is not just divided into large phases, but there is use of smaller parts called increments or iterations, which help in promoting the development cycle. Cohen et al. (2003) summarise that the agile development process involves four primary attributes, including the early customer involvement, iterative development, self organising teams and adaptation to change. Nerur et al. (2010) argue that agile development methods are currently predominantly used, of which six primary approaches are promoted extensively, including crystal methods, dynamics development, feature driven development, lean development, extreme programming and scrum. This report will focus on one approach, extreme programming, and present its features. According to Dingsoyor et al. (2010), the adoption of the extreme programming approach relies on development and delivery of small increments in functionality. This process is largely dependent on the improvement in code in a constant manner. This process involves incremental planning where the requirements are recorded to be included along with the release. The key feature of extreme programming is the small releases, wherein the minimal useful set of functionalities providing business value is first developed. In this approach, there are frequent releases with improvement in product functionality. 1.3.4. Comparison of Different Methods This report contends that the agile development methods are better than the traditional development methods. This is because the agile development method promotes the successful delivery of results in a quick and inexpensive manner, with an emphasis on teams and customer collaboration. In contrast, the traditional methods of waterfall development and spiral methods focus on contracts, plans and processes with a one step involvement of the client (Cohen et al., 2003). It is also argued that since the development takes place in iterations, it is possible to change the direction of development at any stage with limited change in cost. Such an approach is effective in ensuring that the productivity and return on investment objectives are met. References Adenowo A.A Adenowo B.A (2012). Software engineering methodologies: A review of waterfall model and object oriented approach, International Journal of Scientific Engineering Research, 4(7), 427- 434. Arellano, M. M., Tavarez, J. M. M. (2012, June).A comparative analysis about Software Development Life Cycle Methodologies involving Business Processes and Web Services. InInformation Systems and Technologies (CISTI), 2012 7th Iberian Conference on(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Boehm, B. W. (1988). A spiral model of software development and enhancement.Computer,21(5), 61-72. Boehm, B., Abts, C., Chulani, S. (2000). Software development cost estimation approaches—A survey.Annals of Software Engineering,10(1-4), 177-205. Boehm, B., Hansen, W. J. (2000).Spiral development: Experience, principles, and refinements(No. CMU/SEI-2000-SR-008). CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INST. Boehm, B., Egyed, A., Kwan, J., Port, D., Shah, A., Madachy, R. (1998).Using the WinWin spiral model: a case study.Computer,31(7), 33-44. Cohen, D., Lindvall, M., Costa, P. (2003).Agile software development.Data Analysis Center for Software (DACS), New York. Devi, R. (2012). Importance of Testing in Software Development Life Cycle.International Journal of Scientific Engineering Research, 3(5), 1-5. Dingsà ¸yr, T., Nerur, S., Balijepally, V., Moe, N. B. (2012). A decade of agile methodologies: Towards explaining agile software development.Journal of Systems and Software,85(6), 1213-1221. Fowler, M. (2004).UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object ModelingLanguange. Addison-Wesley Professional. Hoffer, J. A., George, J. F. and Valacich, J. S. (2011) Modern Systems Analysis and Design. Prentice Hall, Boston. Kendall, K. and Kendall, J. E. (2011) Systems Analysis and Design, 8/E, Prentice Hall , Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Khan, M. F., Qazi, K. A., Shah, K. A. (2013).Performance Evaluation of Software Development Models.Software Engineering,3(1), 1-4. Langer, A. M., Langer, A. M. (2008). System Development Life Cycle (SDLC).Analysis and Design of Information Systems: Third Edition, 10-20. Leau, Y. B., Loo, W. K., Tham, W. Y., Tan, S. F. (2012). Software Development Life Cycle AGILE vs Traditional Approaches. In2012 International Conference on Information and Network Technology (ICINT 2012) IPCSIT(Vol. 37). McConnell, S. (2010).Rapid development: taming wild software schedules. OReilly. McMurtrey, M. (2013). A Case Study of the Application of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) in 21st Century Health Care: Something Old, Something New?.Journal of the Southern Association for Information Systems,1(1). Munassar, N.M.A Govardhan, A. (2010).A Comparison of Five Models of Software Engineering. International Journal of Computer Science, 7(5). Nerur, S., Cannon, A., Balijepally, V., Bond, P. (2010).Towards an Understanding of the Conceptual Underpinnings of Agile Development Methodologies.InAgile Software Development(pp. 15-29).Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Pfleeeger, S.L. Atlee, J.M. (2006).Software Engineering: Theory and Practice, 3rd Edition. US: Prentice Hall Piccoli, G. (2012) Information Systems for Managers: Text and Cases, John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

Examine how Heaney presents his relationship with his father in :: English Literature

Examine how Heaney presents his relationship with his father in Digging and Follower. In the poem the Follower, the poet admires his father with all factions. The poet, Heaney, describes his father on verse 2, stanza 1 as being a very strong, well built man and classifies him as an "expert" (verse 5, stanza 2) when it comes to working in the field. In verse 10-12, stanza 3, Heaney describes his father's eye as "his eye narrowed and angled at the ground mapping the furrow exactly", this verse describes his father as if he was a sailor, carefully, watching the field as a map with a close eye making sure that everything is moving or growing the way they should be. In the poem digging, the reader begins to get a sense that time has moved on, and that the young boy has now become older as so did his father. The poet, Heaney, says on verse 7, stanza 3, "till his straining rump along the flowerbeds", this verse indicates that his father is old, and strains as he bends over to the flowerbeds, but even though the father is aging, he is still a strong man who can still hold a spade. Also, in the poem digging, it mentions about the grandfather of the poet. Heaney describes his grandfather through a series of recollections he had with him. In stanza 6 of the poem Digging, it is there the reader, reads about the poets past with his grandfather. From, the memories the poet recalls, the reader can see that the grandfather was like the father, careful and we also catch from verse 19 -21, stanza 6, which is a memory Heaney recalls of giving milk to his grandfather, he drinks it but than falls right away to work. From these verses the reader sees that he is extremely dedicated to his work and feels very strongly about it. In the end of the poem the Follower, the poet ends it very sudden, and leaves the reader puzzled. The end of the poem the poet says, "à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦It is my father who keeps stumbling behind me, and will not go away" (verse 23-24, stanza 6). These last two statements speak about the poet, as he is older. He is now taken on the tradition of continuing the legacy of farming as his father had done when he was young. When Heaney says he now stumbles behind me, the poet does not literally mean that his father is, but metaphorically instead is. In the past the son has admired his father's abilities to be able to farm with such elegancy,

To Dance With The White Dog Essay -- Movie Film Movies Dance White Dog

To Dance With The White Dog When one is young in age, it is important for him or her to have a caretaker. It is important because there are many things that one cannot do at a young age, such as feeding or dressing one's self. In contrast, there are also many things that one cannot do at an old age, such as being the breadwinner of a family or going to the bathroom on one's own. In both stages of life one is usually helpless and dependent on others. This is why old age is usually considered one's second childhood. In the movie To Dance with the White Dog, Sam Peek had a hard time adjusting to his second childhood. He did not like the fact that he eventually would have to rely on his children Kate and Carrie to take care of him. After his wife Cora died, Sam's children felt it was their responsibility to take care of him. They believed that he was going senile because of the loss of his wife. He was used to being the caretaker of his family. So the mere thought of his children having to take care of him mad e him mad. Sam's second childhood was evident in the movie based on Terry Kay's novel To Dance with the White Dog. The movie played out Sam's stubbornness in accepting his children's desire to help him out in his day-to-day routine. Sam Peek was used to being the caretaker of his family. He made sure that they had clothes on their backs, food in their stomachs, and a smile on their face. Sam hated the fact that they thought being his caretaker was their role for him now. He never prepared himself for the fact that one day they would possibly take care of him the same way they would take care of their children. Throughout the movie Sam?... ...imagined that they would do the same for him one day. His daughters Kate and Carrie would treat him like a five year old. They would try to talk to him very slow because they thought he could not comprehend anything they were saying. Kate and Carrie believed that their father had an overly active imagination. They believed this because they could not see his white dog. Later on in the movie, Sam fell on the floor and the white dog ran around in the yard until someone came to help. That scene in the movie proved that Sam was not as crazy as they thought. Shortly after that, Sam was diagnosed with cancer. He put his stubbornness aside and let his children take care of him. At that point he really did not care, he only wanted to spend his last moments with his loving family. Works Cited: To Dance with the White Dog. Videocassette. Republic Pictures,1993, 103 min.

Being A Wise Consumer

Research reports provide additional insights to an already established knowledge. However, it is more important to critically analyze the components of the report in order to identify the degree of its credibility. The story in reference is Newsweek’s report titled ‘The Price of Pain’. Basically, the report provides an understanding of how back pain treatments are perceived today as to whether these procedures are actually effective.The increase of medical technology apparently has not alleviated the pains suffered by the patients both physically and financially (Springen, 2008).In terms of theoretical underpinnings, the report provided an elusive understanding that not all medical advancements are beneficial. Seemingly, the interviewed individuals in the article affirm that less complicated treatments are ideal for today’s younger generation of back pain sufferers. It is also a good notion to analyze the technical aspects of the article’s research p rocedures to critically understand the report. In the aspect of research design, the study proponent conducted an informal survey among health and insurance institutions which provided the year to date reports of back pain treatment cases.These reports also provided gross amounts of equivalent thousand dollars worth of back pain treatments. The main methodology of the article report was to integrate available publications such as those coming from Journal of the American Medical Association. This procedure also enabled the Newsweek report to do data collection procedures by retrieving numerical figures of medical service inflations and the percentage of adults which had back problems from 1997 to 2005. In any case, this type of data gathering is more ideal since it took the publication less time and effort to present credible results.In terms of analysis and the reporting of findings, the article didn’t’ actually provided additional insights apart from the delegated in fo retrieved from the third party agencies. Although the complete presentation of data related to the concern was provided, the report lacks the essence of inputting at least an unbiased opinion or secondary analysis method. As a way to improve the report, it is suggested that the article incorporates a structured analysis of the problem instead of just giving examples.Of course, it should not be too technical in presenting more logical reasoning since this type of media publication do not actually follow scholarly research. But adding some more factors to induce decisions for the readers would have been more appropriate. Apparently, the most evident errors the article committed are its redundant use of examples from outside resources, becoming subjective of what is expensive and what is not and the lack of segmented citations which made the article hover randomly from book authors to government institutions to school researches.Being able to critically analyze a public report can p rovide greater personal ability of decision making. This empowers the readers to take advantage of the available data which can be very useful for personalized decision making tasks. References Springen, K. 2008. The Price of Pain. Newsweek-Health. Retrieved February 13, 2008 from http://www. newsweek. com/id/110767/page/1.

Passages in IF I Stay by Gayle Forman

Sometimes you make choices in life and sometimes choices make you. † At 2:48 A. M. (Page 67) I believe life is all about the little decisions we make every day. There is a choice you have to make in everything you do. So we must keep in mind that, the choice we make, makes us. Because after all, everything Just a matter of choice. â€Å"†¦ Dying is easy. Living is hard. † At 10:40 P. M. (Page 62) Living is hard. Living without purpose and without someone who loves you is even harder.And life has a lot of ups and down. The world is a dangerous and scary place. It takes gut to face the world. It takes a lot of courage to stand for the world. Maybe it's too poignant but it depends on one's point of view. Dying is a life chance or a choice. It's easy to decide whether you want to die or not. Therefore I believe this statement is true. â€Å"Life might take you down different roads. But each of you gets to decide which one to take. † At 4:57 A. M. Page 73) This pa ssage is also about making a choice. There are many different roads we will encounter, but in the end, it depends on our own decision. Life is the greatest journey you will be on, so the decisions we make can affect our way of life. The decisions we make in life can make our life. â€Å"People believe what they want to believe. † 4:49 P. M. (Page 29) People believe what they want to believe most of the time. They believe things without any reason but they believe often times without good reason.Lots of people have reasons for what they believe, but when those reasons are proven wrong they till stand on their point of view. â€Å"Fake it till you make it. † 5:40 P. M. (Page 35) If you don't feel confident, pretend you are until you gain the experience that is all for real. Act like you are something so you can, in fact, become that thing. Though it might seem force in the beginning, soon it will become natural. The mind can be tricked, and you can balance your life in t hat little trick. You will learn what you need to and turn pretend confidence into the real deal.

The Chrysalids: A Science Fiction Novel

â€Å"It's often said that Science Fiction is the literature of change. † (Treitel). When a society is going through a period in which they develop many new technologies, science fiction stories often emerge. The feelings and fears of that society are expressed in science fiction. The Chrysalids, a science fiction novel, incorporates characteristics of its genre by being set in a different world, by relating to current events and by showing how destructive power can be. Setting plays a prominent role in defining a science fiction story. Science fiction texts are often set in the future, in space, on a different world, or in a different universe or dimension. † (â€Å"Definition†). John Wyndham's novel, The Chrysalids, is set centuries in the future. â€Å"But, Uncle, if we don't try to be like the Old People and rebuild the things that have been lost, what can we do? † (Wyndham 79). The word science fiction brings to mind futuristic worlds full of whirring machines and shiny metals. This novel takes an alternate approach; it shows a world so devastated by nuclear war that it has actually regressed, and yet it is still a possible future. In addition to being set in the future, this novel shows a changed Earth. â€Å"†¦ An Offense was sometimes quite an impressive occasion†¦ My father†¦ would call us all together, including everyone who worked on the farm. We would all kneel while he proclaimed our repentance and led prayers for forgiveness. The next morning we would all be up before daylight and gather in the yard. As the sun rose we would sing a hymn while my father ceremonially slaughtered the two-headed calf, four-legged chicken, or whatever kind of Offense it happened to be. † (Wyndham 18). The world John Wyndham has created is so different from the current reality, it is almost a separate entity. In the fictional reality, the people are terrified of anything different from what they perceive to be the norm. They kill, burn or cast out anything considered to be a deviation. This setting allows the writer to explore terrifying concepts with distance while still creating parallels with current societies. Setting is a vital part of any science fiction story. Furthermore, science fiction relates to current events. â€Å"Good [science fiction]†¦ can provide us with fascinating thought experiments to while way the hours, or extrapolate future dystopias from the politics of the present; it can generate visions of tomorrow's world, or of worlds eons hence; it can warn or it can soothe†¦ † (Clute 6). The Chrysalids explores the impact of nuclear weapons. â€Å"The whole seaboard is empty – black and harsh and empty. The land looks like a huge desert of c harcoal. Where there are cliffs they are sharp-edged, with nothing to soften them. There are no fish in the sea there, no weed either, not even slime, and when a ship has sailed there the barnacles and the fouling on her bottom drop off, and leave her hull clean. You don't see any birds. Nothing moves at all, except the waves breaking on the black beaches. † (Wyndham 60). This novel was first published in 1955, shortly after World War II and at a time when many people were protesting the use of nuclear bombs. People saw the destruction these weapons were capable of and they were afraid. The Chrysalids is a response to that fear; it shows one possible future. Propaganda is another issue discussed in The Chrysalids. â€Å"Not ashamed! Not ashamed of producing a mockery of your Maker – not ashamed of trying to tempt your own sister into criminal conspiracy! The enemies of God besiege us. They seek to strike at Him through us. Unendingly they work to distort the true image; through our weaker vessels they attempt to defile the race. You have sinned, woman†¦ You have produced a defilement†¦ A baby which, if you were to have your way, would grow up to breed, and, breeding, spread pollution until all around us there would be mutants and abominations. † (Wyndham 72). In 1955, the Cold War was in full swing. Spies and secrets abounded while children were told that the other side is evil and propaganda slowly poisoned their minds. Eventually, they believe the lies. Joseph Strorm truly believes what he is saying; he feels that his sister-in-law should kill her newborn child, rather than let it grow and eventually have children of its own. Science fiction often incorporates concerns of the author and the general public at that time. Additionally, science fiction often involves the misuse of power. â€Å"[Science fiction] suggests the possibility of scientific discovery going too far, taking on a God-like power that leads to disaster. † (Quinn) In The Chrysalids there are two examples of destructive power. Firstly, there is nuclear power. â€Å"This is a dreadful country indeed†¦ There are stretches, miles across, where it looks as if all the ground has been fused into black glass; there is nothing else†¦ It goes on and on†¦ What did they do here? What can they have done to create such a frightful place?†¦ It must be utterly beyond hope, barred to any kind of life for ever and ever†¦ There was the power of gods in the hands of children, we know: but were they mad children, all of them quite mad?†¦ The mountains are cinders and the plains are black glass – still, after centuries! † (Wyndham 179). Power is a dangerous thing, as evidenced by the burned mountains and plains of glass discussed in this novel. Power is a popular topic for science fiction stories because so many people crave it, despite its poor history and bleak future. The Chrysalids looks at the consequences of nuclear warfare and the idea that this kind of power is not meant for human hands. The second type of power explored in The Chrysalids, is the power of conformity. â€Å"According to Ethics, mankind†¦ was in the process of climbing back into grace; we were following a faint and difficult trail which led up to the peaks from which we had fallen†¦ There was only one true trail, and by following it we should, with God's help and in His own good time, regain all that had been lost†¦ Only the authorities, ecclesiastical and lay, were in a position to judge whether the next step was a rediscovery, and so, safe to take; or whether it deviated from the true re-ascent, and so was sinful. † (Wyndham 40). As a race attempting to rebuild its society, conformity and a deference to authority figures would have been beneficial. However, change is necessary for growth. Having a world full of people like Joseph Strorm, who fear change as a deviation from the true path, will bring about the destruction of that society. In The Chrysalids, authority figures force everyone to conform to their idea of what is right and what is sinful. This kind of power is dangerous and, at the end of book, brings about the death of Joseph Strorm and many like him. Destructive power is a popular theme in science fiction novels. Due to its setting, relation to reality and demonstration of various destructive powers, The Chrysalids is clearly a science fiction novel. Science fiction can be many things; it can be educational, providing lessons and morals that apply to real life scenarios; it can be a warning, showing the readers a possible or a probable fate; or it can simply take the reader on a fantastic journey, flying through space and time. Above all science fiction is about change. â€Å"Life is change, that is how it differs from the rocks, change is its very nature. † (Wyndham 182). The Chrysalids, and science fiction in general, teaches that nothing in life is static.

Advertising, Social and Economic Costs and Benefits

UNIT 1 P1 â€Å"describe the type of business, purpose and ownership of two contrasting organisations† Tesco Tesco is in private sector, but it is a PLC, a public limited company, this is an international business, also it is in primary. Tesco is doing service by providing food to its customers. Tesco exist, so people can buy food, they do their own products also, this company exists for making profit. Tesco makes profit by selling its products or making deliveries to customers.Tesco is trying to achieve , to be the best company Our vision is for Tesco to be most highly valued by the customers we serve, the communities in which we operate, our loyal and committed staff and our shareholders; to be a growth company; a modern and innovative company and winning locally, applying our skills globally. Tesco is a global business. Tesco is a public limited company (PLC) this means that the owners of Tesco are the shareholder. North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service- This is a public s ector organization, it doesn’t make profit, because it’s service costs more than the amount of money people pay them for fire.This organization exist so when the people have fire or extreme situations they call fire and rescue service and they help them. In 2004 North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Authority developed a new focused Vision to reflect their broader function within the modernisation agenda. â€Å"Over the 10 years to 2014, in North Yorkshire and the City of York, 125 more people will still be alive through the work of the new Fire and Rescue Service. This will be due to the Service having significantly reduced the likelihood and severity of fire and other emergencies.We will achieve this through the dedication of our staff working in partnership with other agencies in the community†. This is a local company because it is North Yorkshire. Simply summarised as – The term â€Å"125 Alive† captures the Authority's Vision in one simple phrase. It means that 125 people who might otherwise have died in an accident will be alive because of preventative action taken by the Fire and Rescue Service working in partnership with other agencies. The target will be achieved by a steady reduction year on year in fatalities in road traffic collisions and fires.The aims and objectives of this organization are to help people to rescue them away from dangerous things, and also to remove the fire away, so the people will be in safe. They are trying their best , so they will be the best from their competitors. P2 â€Å"describe the different stakeholders who influence the purpose of two contrasting organisations† M1 â€Å"explain the points of view from different stakeholders seeking to influence the strategic aims and objectives of two contrasting organisations† Stakeholders:A person, group, or organization that has direct or indirect stake in an organization because it can affect or be affected by the organization's actions , objectives, and policies. Key stakeholders in a business organization include creditors, customers, directors, employees, government (and its agencies), owners (shareholders), suppliers, unions, and the community from which the business draws its resources. Stakeholder Grouping| Interest| Tesco PLC| NY Fire & Rescue Service| Consumers/customers| They want high quality, value for money products. Customers often identify with the brands they buy.They like to see improvements that give them better value for money. | People who want to buy high quality food or other staff| This are the local people in the local area who wants to take the fire out| Employees/workers| The company provides them with a salary/money to live (a livelihood). They seek security, promotion opportunities, job satisfaction and rewards. | This are the workers in the stores, they are interested in security| This are the firemen, their job is to rescue people and to remove the fire for safety. | Suppliers| They wan t steady orders and payment for supplying stock. They also want to feel valued. People which supply different staff like water, food, drinks etc. They do it because they are sure that Tesco Is a successful business and if they are successful so they have a lot of profit , and suppliers are sure in Tesco and they have more orders cause Tesco has more customers| People, who supply the equipment, like the extinguishers. | Owners| They may be a sole trader or in a partnership. In a company it would be the shareholders. Often thought to be the most important stakeholder. They see themselves as the principal risk taker. They want to see share of profit increasing and the value of the business rising. So the owner of Tesco is the shareholders, they are interested in success of their business, they want Tesco to be the best, as every shareholder does. | The government is the owner of the NYFRS. The government wants to succeed this organization in their job, so people will be in safe. | Trad e Unions| They represent the views of the employees of the business. They want higher wages and better conditions. | They want Tesco to be successful, because if Tesco is successful, so workers conditions will be better, because this stakeholder is interested in employees comfort and life. They are interested in firemen success and conditions, wages etc. So if firemen start to rescue people or removing fire more and more, so they could get salary and this is good for Trade Union, this is what they want. | Employer Associations| They are the employer’s equivalent of the TU. They represent the employer’s interests in specific associations. | Basically this stakeholder is equivalent Trade Union, they have quite the same interests, they also take care about the workers, but in specific way. | They are looking for the comfort of the firemen, in specific associations. Local communities| The actions of businesses can have a big effect on communities around them. They want imp roved facilities and provision of jobs. | Local communities wants Tesco to be considerate about the people who live nearby, considerate about the emotions and feelings. | This are the people who live near by the fire rescue service base, so when they have an emergency call they start to drive fast and a lot of noise etc. People want them to be considerate about them and to think about them, that people could be sleeping now, or doing something different when they can’t be disturbed. Governments| They want successful organisations which contribute to economic growth and provide jobs and tax revenue. They also like businesses that contribute towards the welfare of the country’s society. | Government wants Tesco to succeed, so the economy of the country would improve more and more, and more employees would be needed as the company will grow, so less unemployed people would be. | The government wants to succeed this organization in their job, so people will be in safe, and the country’s level of popularity would increase. Tesco: 1) Owners 2) Workers 3) Supplies 4) Customers 5) Government NYFRS: 1) Government 2) Workers 3) Suppliers 4) Customers 5) Local communities D1 â€Å"Evaluate the influence different stakeholders exert in ONE organization Tesco: 1) Directors – To be as strong in everything we sell as we are in food Directors are the stakeholders which have the most influence of the Tesco, because they can do everything what they want with the business, because it is theirs. They have ultimate control and power.If they want for example they can change the name from â€Å"Tesco† to something else etc. 2) Workers- To build our team so that we create more value Workers are the second most influence stakeholders in Tesco. This is because if there is no workers so the business can’t grow at all and it will fail, no workers, means no job done. But also if the workers would leave the Tesco, it is not such a big problem, bec ause â€Å"Tesco† is well known successful business, and a lot of employees want to work for them. 3) Customers- To grow the UK coreCustomers are 3rd important stakeholders which have influence on Tesco. So if there would not be customers the business would not be able to make profit at all, so customers are also really important part of each business. If the Tesco loses the customers , so they will go to theirs opponent businesses, such as â€Å"Asda† and â€Å"Sainsbury’s†, and this could be because their would be not enough workers, or the customer service would be at low level. 4) Suppliers- To put our responsibilities to the communities we serve at the heart of what we do.Suppliers are last important stakeholders with influence on Tesco, because if the suppliers wont supply any products so Tesco would have to use its own products, but that wouldn’t make a lot of profit, and won’t be sustainable. If â€Å"Tesco† loses the supplier s, it is not a problem, because there are a lot of suppliers which are free and waiting for their chance, but if the suppliers were too good, this would be sad. P3 â€Å"Describe how two businesses are organised† TESCO: Span of control: The number of subordinates that a manager or supervisorcan directly control.This number varies with the type ofwork: complex, variable work reduces it to six, whereasroutine, fixed work increases it to twenty or more. Chain of Command: The  order  in which  authority  and  power  in an  organization  is wielded and delegated from  top management  to every employee  at every  level  of the organization. Instructions flow downward along the chain of command and accountability  flows  upward. The chart shows that Tesco has a different level of workers in its organization. These shows the mangers and members, whom they control. The managers take responsibility of what their assistants do.Manager of one job can’ t control the assistants of other job manager, so everything is equal. The boss of everyone is the store director, after him is regional manager as you can see, and later is the store manager, and only than other managers of different jobs, and on the bottom of the chart are all of the assistants of all of the mangers. So in Tesco and in all other businesses the member of the working team can’t control anyone above him, or anyone or the same line, he can control only the people who are under him. It is very hard to control big organization. So, it will be better to break the organization into smaller parts.There are 4 main ways of breaking a business down into smaller sections: 1) By Function- What is the sense of each section? 2) By Location- Where is the section situated on the map? 3) By Product- Which service does the section belong to? 4) By Process- A customer staying approached on the other customers who are interested in Tesco. There are 2 main types of organizational structure: 1) Tall 2) Flat The difference between this two is that tall has more levels than flat , however in Flat Mangers there are wider span of control. . So, we can say that Tesco has Tall structure, because in Tesco’s Organizational Chart has a lot of levels.North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service: It is really hard to understand who is who, who is controlling whom, the table is a bit messy, and so I created a better one for you: But on Structure of Commission we can see that Director General has two lines. First, is that he should control 3 Directors, Corporate and Forestry, Central Services (HR, IT, Finance), Business Units, Forest Research. The North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service is looking so different comparing to Tesco’s. . In Forestry Commission General Director works with more employees, however in Tesco Director works just with managers.But The North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service’s type of organizational structure is Tall, because it has many lines. And Forestry Commission is organization by Location, because they are separated on different locations, they have 3 directs in same country. Task 2 1) Finance addresses the ways in which individuals, business entities and other organizations allocate and use monetary resources over time. It helps Tesco with finance. 2) Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. ) The act or process or producing, bringing forth, or exhibiting to view; as, the production of commodities, of a witness. That which is produced, yielded, or made, whether naturally, or by the application of intelligence and labor; as, the productions of the earth; the productions of handicraft; the productions of intellect or genius. 4) Customer Service is the commitment to providing value added services to external and internal customers, including attitude knowledge, technical support and quality of service in a timely manner 5) Sales- Total dollar amount collected for goods and services provided.While payment is not necessary for recognition of sales on company financial statements, there are strict accounting guidelines stating when sales can be recognized. The basic principle is that a sale can only be recognized when the transaction is already realized, or can be quite easily realized. This means that the company should have already received a payment, or the chances of receiving a payment are high. In addition, delivery of the good or service should have taken place for the sale to be recognized. ) Human resources- is a term used to describe the individuals who make up the workforce of an organization, although it is also applied in labor economics to, for example, business sectors or even whole nations. Human resources is also the name of the function within an organization charged with the overall responsibility for implementi ng strategies and policies relating to the management of individuals. Task 3 I will tell now, what makes Tesco and Forestry Commission similar and what makes them different. Firstly, they both have General Director, and he has helpers.But in Forestry Commission General Director has more employees (they are: 3 directors and other staff members), however in Tesco, Director has just one helper. Secondly, this two organizations have two different, smaller parts. Tesco has broken down on process and North Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service by Location. Last thing which I want to say is that, they have the same type of organization – it’s â€Å"Tall†. They have many levels and lines, which helps them to control their business. P4 â€Å"explain how their style and organization helps them to fulfill their purpose†

Conceptualizing Addiction Paper Essay

The history of addiction goes back centuries, and unfortunately, there is still a long way to go for people to realize the effects of chemical substances do more harm than good. The difference between drug use and abuse relies heavily on a person’s dependence on the substance. The line between the differences is often very fine. Depending on other factors involved, such as morals, values, environment, and genetic predisposition, the line will most likely be crossed without regard to the consequences until treatment and recovery are the only options left. This is essay compares two theoretical explanations for addiction, including a psychological theory, and a biological theory. In addition, the writer will describe the viewpoints of each model, and how their effectiveness in addiction prevention and intervention. The Psychological Model The psychological model includes cognitive behavioral theories, psychodynamic theories, and the learning theory. Cognitive-behavioral theories associate a person’s motivation for taking drugs with their need for variety (McNeece & DiNitto, 2012). People often look for fulfillment and pleasure as they carry out their day-to-day responsibilities, thus finding chemical substances a way to escape reality or a reward. Psychodynamic theories suggest more complex explanations are the reason behind drug addiction. Childhood experiences and structure within the family determine a person’s ability to cope socially and emotionally. Thus, the person uses drugs to forget about the pain or provide a false sense of security. Finally, the learning theory of addiction implies that people learn over time and exposure to drugs that anxiety, tension, and stress all decrease with use, becoming a reinforcer for the user (McNeece & DiNitto, 2012). Each  of theories explain addiction in terms of a malfunctioning thought process or learning process that can be reversed. For less severe cases of addiction, this type of treatment is effective. However, usually, a multi-treatment approach is necessary. Psychological models focus on the emotion and the mind, while biological models, as discussed next, find that addictive behaviors depend on the structure and chemistry in the body’s genetic makeup. The Biological Model â€Å"The statistical associations between genetic factors and alcohol abuse are very strong† (McNeece & DiNitto, 2012). However, there is still much debate over the validity of genetics as a definite cause for addiction. Perhaps, the reason for this is because the number of children of alcoholics that go on to become alcoholics is still small. Additionally, genetic predisposition cannot explain the number of cases of alcoholics that did not come from alcoholic parents or families. In fact, addiction can be so prominent, that it remains even after the drug use has ended (McNeece & DiNitto, 2012). Therefore, the biological theory should not be ruled as it is based on what takes place in the body. There is no other theory that can explain how a person could still have addiction symptoms when the substance is absent from their system. Predisposition implies that there is a mutation or malfunction in the body that appears to cause a craving or susceptibility to becoming addicted t o a substance. Comparing Psychological and Biological Models Both of the psychological and biological models explain addiction. In addition, both models take a holistic approach in their arguments. They simply emphasize a certain portion of the body and based their studies around that. Interestingly, the theories related to the psychological model are all insightful to how humans think and interact, however, they do not explain well the interactions that take place once a substance takes over quite like the biological model. Finally, the main shortcoming of the psychological model of addiction is the treatment approaches, which attempt to retrain a person’s thinking. Since biologists have proved there are specific genetic components of addiction that are naturally either present or absent, causing a mutation, a simple change of thought will not be enough  to cure addiction in most cases. Treatment for Addiction Prevention and Intervention Out of the two models, the biological model has impressive supporting evidence regarding treatment for addiction. Perhaps, this is because of the perspective of how addiction affects people. It is easier to find a solution to a problem that is explained with support, rather than common thought patterns shared between people. Addiction may have specific characteristics that users share, but ultimately, it will affect everyone differently and many factors will be involved. Problems associated with drug abuse affect areas such as the digestive, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems, which is another advantage of biological treatment. Biologists study these systems and there functions and how addiction affects them. Thus, allowing them to incorporate treatment techniques that specialize in minimizing the effects of addiction while restoring the body’s systems. The duration, extent, and resiliency of the person still plays a vital role in the recovery and treatment process. Conclusion The history of addiction continues to stir controversy as to how it starts, who it affects, and why. While many choose to use chemical substances to get variety out of life, there are several that become addicted who cannot even give an answer as to why they continue to use. This is a sign of chemical dependency and typically means that the body and mind have now been altered in such a way that there will be adverse effects if and when a person chooses to stop using. Often, the decision to stop using is not voluntary. For many, there is not a realization that there is even a problem. There are just as many models that explain addiction as there are reasons that people become addicted. This essay explored the psychological and biological models of addiction. The psychological model deals with the mind and emotions, suggesting that people learn and adapt to certain behaviors over time. The biological model explains addiction as being present in all of us prior to being born, depending on the genetic predisposition and mutations. Arguably, no theory is better than another at explaining addiction. However, there is substantial evidence that supports  the biological model and its treatment when dealing with people with addictions. Reference McNeece, C.A., & DiNitto, D.M. (2012). Chemical Dependency: A systems approach (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

American History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

American History - Essay Example berty came from a world of slavery has been named the central paradox of American history.†(xii) The theme I am going to deal with is: How the White Race of that era practiced duplicity and hypocrisy of the highest order in their disposition towards the Black Race and utilized every avenue for exploiting them for territorial gains and aggrandizement of wealth? In America slavery was business as usual for centuries under various guises. In Manhattan one out of five at that time was a slave. Exploitation of the Blacks was the order of the day. In New York particularly, a section of the White society believed that slavery was wrong, and at the same time they were worried about the retaliatory action by the slaves that they would rebel, and when there was a rash of fires in the city in 1741, the Blacks became the suspects. There is lots of controversy about the reasons for the rebellion, whether it was a social reaction or a criminal conspiracy with motivated agenda, whether factors other than racism were involved. Assuming for a while that the Blacks were the culprits for the major incidents of fire, the important issue for me is what led them to such desperate measures. They were persecuted in the name of religion, political ideologies that supported slavery, scheming of the vested interests and big farmers etc. 152 blacks were arrested, some were burned at the stake, some were hanged and the most intriguing aspect was four of the alleged white ring leaders were hanged. The judicial process was also interrupted at the final stages, after thirty executions, that the slaves did not have the mental capacity to plan such a conspiracy. But the type of punishment given to the convicted slaves was again mockery of justice and an act of racism, as Whites were not burned as it was done in the case of many Blacks. The reliance on shoddy evidence provides the picture of legal proceedings during that time, which placed no value to the lives of the Blacks. There can be

Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Marketing - Case Study Example Due to this, the company has recorded a decreased quality in service delivery. Moreover Don Martin Ltd. requires solving issues related to change. The company has expanded significantly and its operations have grown. It is therefore necessary to ensure that there are changes in management which are aimed at managing the changes that the company is facing which are related to growth (Grasby 381). The problems of the company and their implications are analyzed in the following tables in relation to the various segments of the market for the company’s products. ... sports center and garages Shopping for goods and their delivery varies among the various age groups of the consumers Why The prices are higher because of the customer service delivery The needs of the consumers are motivated by the amount that they pay for them The shopping and delivery of goods depends on the kind of consumer and hence the variation The variation in shopping and needs for delivery services depends on the preferences of the various age groups among the consumers How Customers prefer to do their own shopping so that they would save on the costs associated with service delivery The user needs can be achieved through quality of good and service delivery in addition to reasonable prices The shopping and delivery of goods is defined by the ability of the consumers to pay for the services and their preferences The variation in purchase and delivery is determined by how the consumers of different ages want their shopping experience to be Implications Price Usage Needs Demog raphics Age Who The implication of price competition id reflected by the inability of the company to maintain its loyal customers Delivery of user needs will define the ability of the company to achieve business success Every consumer needs different goods and services and therefore the company must make these available The preferences of the various age groups must be met by the company for success What The goods and services of the company have varied prices. The needs of the user means that the management and employees are obliged to ensure that these needs are met The implications of the divergent demographics are expressed by the ability of the company to meet diverse needs of the consumers The needs of different age group have to be met by the company otherwise the customers may be

International operation and risk management of ICAP plc Essay

International operation and risk management of ICAP plc - Essay Example The company is a public limited company and is listed on the London Stock Exchange. The company was founded in the year 1986 and has more than 5000 employees who provide the risk services in the company. The company focuses mainly on the key principles of leadership, Integrity, entrepreneurship as well as respect for control. Performance - Financial Trend A ratio analysis has been conducted for ICAP in order to understand the financial performance of the company. Ratio Analysis       2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Liquidity Ratios Current Ratio 1.026 1.004 1.003 1.002 0.999       2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Cash Ratio 0.089 0.017 0.016 0.025 0.014                Profitability Ratio Gross Profit Margin 0.990 0.989 0.984 0.765 -       2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Operating Profit Margin 0.145 0.160 0.163 0.176 0.191       2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Net profit Margin 0.030 0.083 0.109 0.074 0.117 Leverage Ratio Debt Ratio 0.939 0.985 0.984 0.981 0.966       2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Debt Equity Ratio 15.31 66.19 60.37 48.89 28.68                Profitabilty Indicator Ratio Return on Assets 0.09% 0.17% 0.49% 0.24% 0.55%       2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Return on Capital Employed 0.41% 0.33% 0.40% 0.58% 1.78% Liquidity The current ratio of the company has increased by 22% over the last one year from 1.004 in 2012 to 1.026 in the financial year 2013. The inventory of the company for all the years is equal to zero. This means that for ICAP the current ratio and the quick ratio are the same (Atrill and Mclaney, 2008, pp. 142-178). The increase in the current ratio means that the company has efficient cash management and that the company can meet its short term debt obligations quite comfortably (Kieso, Weygandt and Warfield, 2007, p. 738). Thus ICAP has sound liquidity position. Profitability The profitability levels of the company can be estimated from the profitability ratios as shown in the table above. The gross profit margin for the compa ny has increasing steadily from 2011 to 2012 and then from 2012to 2013. The gross profit margin for the year 2013 is 0.939 which means that the company has been able to use the different resources that it has in the most appropriate way (Williams, Haka, Bettner and Carcello, 2008, p. 266). Source: ICAP 2013, p. 03 The operating profit margin for the company fell almost more than one percent in the year 2013. Thus it shows that the company has not been able to achieve economies of scale for the last one year but the steady figure over the years reflects the efficiency of the company in maintaining the scale of operations (Gallagher, 2003, pp. 94–95). The different compositions of the operating profit of ICAP as per the different businesses have been shown in the dough nut chart as above. This means that most of the operations of the company are equally prosperous and has been able to achieve the desired scale of operations for the long term (Weston and Brigham, 1990, p. 295). The return on assets for the company is 0.09% in 2013 as compared to 0.017% in 2012 and 0.27% in 2011. Looking at the steady level of net income of the company it shows that the company has increased its assets over the phase of 3 years which has resulted in a declining ROA (Tracy, 2004, p. 173).

Klu Klux Klan Organization Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Klu Klux Klan Organization - Research Paper Example Although the Klan’s numbers have dwindled, the terrorist outfit remains a threat and voice in the United States. The present research provides a background summary of the Ku Klux Klan, considers the organization’s methodology, its tactics and method of operation, and the potential threat it poses to the United States. The Ku Klux Klan was founded in 1866. Of course, one recognizes that at this time slavery had recently been outlawed and the United States was entering into a major transition stage regarding the rights of African Americans. After its 1866 founding, the Klan quickly spread throughout the United States and by 1870 – only four years – the organization had a substantial presence in every state in the union. While the Klan experienced a slight period of decline in the late 19th century, in the early 20th century concerted efforts occurred that contributed to its revival during this period. Particularly, D.W. Griffith’s film the â€Å"Birth of a Nation† motivated much new Klan membership. While Klan membership would gradually decline throughout the 20th century, it experienced a period of revival during the Civil Rights Movement, as Klan organizations mobilized in protest efforts. Since this period the Klan’s numbers have gradually declined (Bullard, 20 05). As the organization began in the wake of the Civil War and the emancipation of the slaves, one recognizes that white supremacy constitutes perhaps its primary epistemological assumption. Of course, one recognizes that the Klan’s most thematic message is its support of racism and white supremacy throughout the United States. While the Klan’s outward expression of racism is a major factor in its overarching methodology, the organization also is recognized as adopting Christian ideals and has historically been linked to Protestanism as a major religious element. In terms of structure, the Klan has evolved a significant amount throughout its extended